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1 #!/usr/bin/env python
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2
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3 """A tool for extracting a list of symbols to export
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4
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5 When exporting symbols from a dll or exe we either need to mark the symbols in
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6 the source code as __declspec(dllexport) or supply a list of symbols to the
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7 linker. This program automates the latter by inspecting the symbol tables of a
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8 list of link inputs and deciding which of those symbols need to be exported.
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9
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10 We can't just export all the defined symbols, as there's a limit of 65535
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11 exported symbols and in clang we go way over that, particularly in a debug
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12 build. Therefore a large part of the work is pruning symbols either which can't
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13 be imported, or which we think are things that have definitions in public header
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14 files (i.e. template instantiations) and we would get defined in the thing
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15 importing these symbols anyway.
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16 """
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17
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18 from __future__ import print_function
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19 import sys
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20 import re
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21 import os
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22 import subprocess
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23 import multiprocessing
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24 import argparse
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25
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26 # Define functions which extract a list of symbols from a library using several
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27 # different tools. We use subprocess.Popen and yield a symbol at a time instead
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28 # of using subprocess.check_output and returning a list as, especially on
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29 # Windows, waiting for the entire output to be ready can take a significant
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30 # amount of time.
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31
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32 def dumpbin_get_symbols(lib):
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33 process = subprocess.Popen(['dumpbin','/symbols',lib], bufsize=1,
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34 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
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35 universal_newlines=True)
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36 process.stdin.close()
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37 for line in process.stdout:
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38 # Look for external symbols that are defined in some section
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39 match = re.match("^.+SECT.+External\s+\|\s+(\S+).*$", line)
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40 if match:
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41 yield match.group(1)
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42 process.wait()
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43
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44 def nm_get_symbols(lib):
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45 process = subprocess.Popen(['nm','-P',lib], bufsize=1,
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46 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
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47 universal_newlines=True)
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48 process.stdin.close()
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49 for line in process.stdout:
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50 # Look for external symbols that are defined in some section
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51 match = re.match("^(\S+)\s+[BDGRSTVW]\s+\S+\s+\S+$", line)
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52 if match:
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53 yield match.group(1)
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54 process.wait()
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55
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56 def readobj_get_symbols(lib):
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57 process = subprocess.Popen(['llvm-readobj','-symbols',lib], bufsize=1,
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58 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
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59 universal_newlines=True)
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60 process.stdin.close()
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61 for line in process.stdout:
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62 # When looking through the output of llvm-readobj we expect to see Name,
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63 # Section, then StorageClass, so record Name and Section when we see
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64 # them and decide if this is a defined external symbol when we see
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65 # StorageClass.
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66 match = re.search('Name: (\S+)', line)
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67 if match:
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68 name = match.group(1)
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69 match = re.search('Section: (\S+)', line)
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70 if match:
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71 section = match.group(1)
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72 match = re.search('StorageClass: (\S+)', line)
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73 if match:
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74 storageclass = match.group(1)
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75 if section != 'IMAGE_SYM_ABSOLUTE' and \
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76 section != 'IMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED' and \
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77 storageclass == 'External':
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78 yield name
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79 process.wait()
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80
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81 # Define functions which determine if the target is 32-bit Windows (as that's
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82 # where calling convention name decoration happens).
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83
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84 def dumpbin_is_32bit_windows(lib):
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85 # dumpbin /headers can output a huge amount of data (>100MB in a debug
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86 # build) so we read only up to the 'machine' line then close the output.
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87 process = subprocess.Popen(['dumpbin','/headers',lib], bufsize=1,
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88 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
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89 universal_newlines=True)
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90 process.stdin.close()
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91 retval = False
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92 for line in process.stdout:
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93 match = re.match('.+machine \((\S+)\)', line)
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94 if match:
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95 retval = (match.group(1) == 'x86')
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96 break
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97 process.stdout.close()
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98 process.wait()
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99 return retval
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100
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101 def objdump_is_32bit_windows(lib):
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102 output = subprocess.check_output(['objdump','-f',lib],
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103 universal_newlines=True)
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104 for line in output:
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105 match = re.match('.+file format (\S+)', line)
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106 if match:
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107 return (match.group(1) == 'pe-i386')
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108 return False
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109
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110 def readobj_is_32bit_windows(lib):
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111 output = subprocess.check_output(['llvm-readobj','-file-headers',lib],
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112 universal_newlines=True)
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113 for line in output:
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114 match = re.match('Format: (\S+)', line)
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115 if match:
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116 return (match.group(1) == 'COFF-i386')
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117 return False
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118
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119 # MSVC mangles names to ?<identifier_mangling>@<type_mangling>. By examining the
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120 # identifier/type mangling we can decide which symbols could possibly be
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121 # required and which we can discard.
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122 def should_keep_microsoft_symbol(symbol, calling_convention_decoration):
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123 # Keep unmangled (i.e. extern "C") names
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124 if not '?' in symbol:
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125 if calling_convention_decoration:
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126 # Remove calling convention decoration from names
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127 match = re.match('[_@]([^@]+)', symbol)
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128 if match:
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129 return match.group(1)
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130 return symbol
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131 # Function template instantiations start with ?$; keep the instantiations of
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132 # clang::Type::getAs, as some of them are explipict specializations that are
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133 # defined in clang's lib/AST/Type.cpp; discard the rest as it's assumed that
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134 # the definition is public
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135 elif re.match('\?\?\$getAs@.+@Type@clang@@', symbol):
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136 return symbol
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137 elif symbol.startswith('??$'):
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138 return None
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139 # Deleting destructors start with ?_G or ?_E and can be discarded because
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140 # link.exe gives you a warning telling you they can't be exported if you
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141 # don't
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142 elif symbol.startswith('??_G') or symbol.startswith('??_E'):
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143 return None
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144 # Constructors (?0) and destructors (?1) of templates (?$) are assumed to be
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145 # defined in headers and not required to be kept
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146 elif symbol.startswith('??0?$') or symbol.startswith('??1?$'):
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147 return None
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148 # An anonymous namespace is mangled as ?A(maybe hex number)@. Any symbol
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149 # that mentions an anonymous namespace can be discarded, as the anonymous
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150 # namespace doesn't exist outside of that translation unit.
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151 elif re.search('\?A(0x\w+)?@', symbol):
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152 return None
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153 # Keep mangled llvm:: and clang:: function symbols. How we detect these is a
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154 # bit of a mess and imprecise, but that avoids having to completely demangle
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155 # the symbol name. The outermost namespace is at the end of the identifier
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156 # mangling, and the identifier mangling is followed by the type mangling, so
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157 # we look for (llvm|clang)@@ followed by something that looks like a
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158 # function type mangling. To spot a function type we use (this is derived
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159 # from clang/lib/AST/MicrosoftMangle.cpp):
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160 # <function-type> ::= <function-class> <this-cvr-qualifiers>
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161 # <calling-convention> <return-type>
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162 # <argument-list> <throw-spec>
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163 # <function-class> ::= [A-Z]
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164 # <this-cvr-qualifiers> ::= [A-Z0-9_]*
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165 # <calling-convention> ::= [A-JQ]
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166 # <return-type> ::= .+
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167 # <argument-list> ::= X (void)
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168 # ::= .+@ (list of types)
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169 # ::= .*Z (list of types, varargs)
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170 # <throw-spec> ::= exceptions are not allowed
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171 elif re.search('(llvm|clang)@@[A-Z][A-Z0-9_]*[A-JQ].+(X|.+@|.*Z)$', symbol):
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172 return symbol
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173 return None
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174
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175 # Itanium manglings are of the form _Z<identifier_mangling><type_mangling>. We
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176 # demangle the identifier mangling to identify symbols that can be safely
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177 # discarded.
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178 def should_keep_itanium_symbol(symbol, calling_convention_decoration):
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179 # Start by removing any calling convention decoration (which we expect to
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180 # see on all symbols, even mangled C++ symbols)
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181 if calling_convention_decoration and symbol.startswith('_'):
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182 symbol = symbol[1:]
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183 # Keep unmangled names
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184 if not symbol.startswith('_') and not symbol.startswith('.'):
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185 return symbol
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186 # Discard manglings that aren't nested names
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187 match = re.match('_Z(T[VTIS])?(N.+)', symbol)
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188 if not match:
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189 return None
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190 # Demangle the name. If the name is too complex then we don't need to keep
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191 # it, but it the demangling fails then keep the symbol just in case.
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192 try:
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193 names, _ = parse_itanium_nested_name(match.group(2))
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194 except TooComplexName:
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195 return None
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196 if not names:
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197 return symbol
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198 # Constructors and destructors of templates classes are assumed to be
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199 # defined in headers and not required to be kept
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200 if re.match('[CD][123]', names[-1][0]) and names[-2][1]:
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201 return None
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202 # Keep the instantiations of clang::Type::getAs, as some of them are
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203 # explipict specializations that are defined in clang's lib/AST/Type.cpp;
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204 # discard any other function template instantiations as it's assumed that
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205 # the definition is public
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206 elif symbol.startswith('_ZNK5clang4Type5getAs'):
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207 return symbol
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208 elif names[-1][1]:
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209 return None
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210 # Keep llvm:: and clang:: names
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211 elif names[0][0] == '4llvm' or names[0][0] == '5clang':
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212 return symbol
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213 # Discard everything else
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214 else:
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215 return None
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216
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217 # Certain kinds of complex manglings we assume cannot be part of a public
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218 # interface, and we handle them by raising an exception.
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219 class TooComplexName(Exception):
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220 pass
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221
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222 # Parse an itanium mangled name from the start of a string and return a
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223 # (name, rest of string) pair.
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224 def parse_itanium_name(arg):
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225 # Check for a normal name
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226 match = re.match('(\d+)(.+)', arg)
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227 if match:
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228 n = int(match.group(1))
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229 name = match.group(1)+match.group(2)[:n]
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230 rest = match.group(2)[n:]
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231 return name, rest
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232 # Check for constructor/destructor names
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233 match = re.match('([CD][123])(.+)', arg)
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234 if match:
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235 return match.group(1), match.group(2)
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236 # Assume that a sequence of characters that doesn't end a nesting is an
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237 # operator (this is very imprecise, but appears to be good enough)
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238 match = re.match('([^E]+)(.+)', arg)
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239 if match:
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240 return match.group(1), match.group(2)
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241 # Anything else: we can't handle it
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242 return None, arg
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243
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244 # Parse an itanium mangled template argument list from the start of a string
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245 # and throw it away, returning the rest of the string.
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246 def skip_itanium_template(arg):
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247 # A template argument list starts with I
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248 assert arg.startswith('I'), arg
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249 tmp = arg[1:]
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250 while tmp:
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251 # Check for names
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252 match = re.match('(\d+)(.+)', tmp)
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253 if match:
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254 n = int(match.group(1))
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255 tmp = match.group(2)[n:]
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256 continue
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257 # Check for substitutions
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258 match = re.match('S[A-Z0-9]*_(.+)', tmp)
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259 if match:
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260 tmp = match.group(1)
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261 # Start of a template
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262 elif tmp.startswith('I'):
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263 tmp = skip_itanium_template(tmp)
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264 # Start of a nested name
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265 elif tmp.startswith('N'):
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266 _, tmp = parse_itanium_nested_name(tmp)
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267 # Start of an expression: assume that it's too complicated
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268 elif tmp.startswith('L') or tmp.startswith('X'):
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269 raise TooComplexName
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270 # End of the template
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271 elif tmp.startswith('E'):
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272 return tmp[1:]
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273 # Something else: probably a type, skip it
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274 else:
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275 tmp = tmp[1:]
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276 return None
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277
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278 # Parse an itanium mangled nested name and transform it into a list of pairs of
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279 # (name, is_template), returning (list, rest of string).
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280 def parse_itanium_nested_name(arg):
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281 # A nested name starts with N
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282 assert arg.startswith('N'), arg
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283 ret = []
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284
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285 # Skip past the N, and possibly a substitution
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286 match = re.match('NS[A-Z0-9]*_(.+)', arg)
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287 if match:
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288 tmp = match.group(1)
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289 else:
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290 tmp = arg[1:]
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291
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292 # Skip past CV-qualifiers and ref qualifiers
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293 match = re.match('[rVKRO]*(.+)', tmp);
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294 if match:
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295 tmp = match.group(1)
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296
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297 # Repeatedly parse names from the string until we reach the end of the
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298 # nested name
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299 while tmp:
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300 # An E ends the nested name
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301 if tmp.startswith('E'):
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302 return ret, tmp[1:]
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303 # Parse a name
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304 name_part, tmp = parse_itanium_name(tmp)
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305 if not name_part:
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306 # If we failed then we don't know how to demangle this
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307 return None, None
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308 is_template = False
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309 # If this name is a template record that, then skip the template
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310 # arguments
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311 if tmp.startswith('I'):
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312 tmp = skip_itanium_template(tmp)
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313 is_template = True
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314 # Add the name to the list
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315 ret.append((name_part, is_template))
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316
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317 # If we get here then something went wrong
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318 return None, None
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319
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320 def extract_symbols(arg):
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321 get_symbols, should_keep_symbol, calling_convention_decoration, lib = arg
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322 symbols = dict()
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323 for symbol in get_symbols(lib):
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324 symbol = should_keep_symbol(symbol, calling_convention_decoration)
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325 if symbol:
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326 symbols[symbol] = 1 + symbols.setdefault(symbol,0)
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327 return symbols
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328
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329 if __name__ == '__main__':
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330 tool_exes = ['dumpbin','nm','objdump','llvm-readobj']
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331 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
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332 description='Extract symbols to export from libraries')
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333 parser.add_argument('--mangling', choices=['itanium','microsoft'],
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334 required=True, help='expected symbol mangling scheme')
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335 parser.add_argument('--tools', choices=tool_exes, nargs='*',
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336 help='tools to use to extract symbols and determine the'
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337 ' target')
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338 parser.add_argument('libs', metavar='lib', type=str, nargs='+',
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339 help='libraries to extract symbols from')
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340 parser.add_argument('-o', metavar='file', type=str, help='output to file')
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341 args = parser.parse_args()
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342
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343 # Determine the function to use to get the list of symbols from the inputs,
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344 # and the function to use to determine if the target is 32-bit windows.
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345 tools = { 'dumpbin' : (dumpbin_get_symbols, dumpbin_is_32bit_windows),
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346 'nm' : (nm_get_symbols, None),
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347 'objdump' : (None, objdump_is_32bit_windows),
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348 'llvm-readobj' : (readobj_get_symbols, readobj_is_32bit_windows) }
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349 get_symbols = None
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350 is_32bit_windows = None
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351 # If we have a tools argument then use that for the list of tools to check
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352 if args.tools:
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353 tool_exes = args.tools
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354 # Find a tool to use by trying each in turn until we find one that exists
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355 # (subprocess.call will throw OSError when the program does not exist)
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356 get_symbols = None
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357 for exe in tool_exes:
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358 try:
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359 # Close std streams as we don't want any output and we don't
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360 # want the process to wait for something on stdin.
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361 p = subprocess.Popen([exe], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
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362 stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
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363 stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
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364 universal_newlines=True)
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365 p.stdout.close()
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366 p.stderr.close()
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367 p.stdin.close()
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368 p.wait()
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369 # Keep going until we have a tool to use for both get_symbols and
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370 # is_32bit_windows
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371 if not get_symbols:
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372 get_symbols = tools[exe][0]
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373 if not is_32bit_windows:
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374 is_32bit_windows = tools[exe][1]
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375 if get_symbols and is_32bit_windows:
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376 break
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377 except OSError:
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378 continue
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379 if not get_symbols:
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380 print("Couldn't find a program to read symbols with", file=sys.stderr)
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381 exit(1)
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382 if not is_32bit_windows:
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383 print("Couldn't find a program to determining the target", file=sys.stderr)
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384 exit(1)
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385
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386 # How we determine which symbols to keep and which to discard depends on
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387 # the mangling scheme
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388 if args.mangling == 'microsoft':
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389 should_keep_symbol = should_keep_microsoft_symbol
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390 else:
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391 should_keep_symbol = should_keep_itanium_symbol
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392
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393 # Get the list of libraries to extract symbols from
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394 libs = list()
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395 for lib in args.libs:
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396 # When invoked by cmake the arguments are the cmake target names of the
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397 # libraries, so we need to add .lib/.a to the end and maybe lib to the
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398 # start to get the filename. Also allow objects.
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399 suffixes = ['.lib','.a','.obj','.o']
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400 if not any([lib.endswith(s) for s in suffixes]):
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401 for s in suffixes:
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402 if os.path.exists(lib+s):
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403 lib = lib+s
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404 break
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405 if os.path.exists('lib'+lib+s):
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406 lib = 'lib'+lib+s
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407 break
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408 if not any([lib.endswith(s) for s in suffixes]):
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409 print("Don't know what to do with argument "+lib, file=sys.stderr)
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410 exit(1)
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|
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411 libs.append(lib)
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412
|
|
|
413 # Check if calling convention decoration is used by inspecting the first
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414 # library in the list
|
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415 calling_convention_decoration = is_32bit_windows(libs[0])
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416
|
|
|
417 # Extract symbols from libraries in parallel. This is a huge time saver when
|
|
|
418 # doing a debug build, as there are hundreds of thousands of symbols in each
|
|
|
419 # library.
|
|
|
420 pool = multiprocessing.Pool()
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|
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421 try:
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422 # Only one argument can be passed to the mapping function, and we can't
|
|
|
423 # use a lambda or local function definition as that doesn't work on
|
|
|
424 # windows, so create a list of tuples which duplicates the arguments
|
|
|
425 # that are the same in all calls.
|
|
|
426 vals = [(get_symbols, should_keep_symbol, calling_convention_decoration, x) for x in libs]
|
|
|
427 # Do an async map then wait for the result to make sure that
|
|
|
428 # KeyboardInterrupt gets caught correctly (see
|
|
|
429 # http://bugs.python.org/issue8296)
|
|
|
430 result = pool.map_async(extract_symbols, vals)
|
|
|
431 pool.close()
|
|
|
432 libs_symbols = result.get(3600)
|
|
|
433 except KeyboardInterrupt:
|
|
|
434 # On Ctrl-C terminate everything and exit
|
|
|
435 pool.terminate()
|
|
|
436 pool.join()
|
|
|
437 exit(1)
|
|
|
438
|
|
|
439 # Merge everything into a single dict
|
|
|
440 symbols = dict()
|
|
|
441 for this_lib_symbols in libs_symbols:
|
|
|
442 for k,v in list(this_lib_symbols.items()):
|
|
|
443 symbols[k] = v + symbols.setdefault(k,0)
|
|
|
444
|
|
|
445 # Count instances of member functions of template classes, and map the
|
|
|
446 # symbol name to the function+class. We do this under the assumption that if
|
|
|
447 # a member function of a template class is instantiated many times it's
|
|
|
448 # probably declared in a public header file.
|
|
|
449 template_function_count = dict()
|
|
|
450 template_function_mapping = dict()
|
|
|
451 template_function_count[""] = 0
|
|
|
452 for k in symbols:
|
|
|
453 name = None
|
|
|
454 if args.mangling == 'microsoft':
|
|
|
455 # Member functions of templates start with
|
|
|
456 # ?<fn_name>@?$<class_name>@, so we map to <fn_name>@?$<class_name>.
|
|
|
457 # As manglings go from the innermost scope to the outermost scope
|
|
|
458 # this means:
|
|
|
459 # * When we have a function member of a subclass of a template
|
|
|
460 # class then <fn_name> will actually contain the mangling of
|
|
|
461 # both the subclass and the function member. This is fine.
|
|
|
462 # * When we have a function member of a template subclass of a
|
|
|
463 # (possibly template) class then it's the innermost template
|
|
|
464 # subclass that becomes <class_name>. This should be OK so long
|
|
|
465 # as we don't have multiple classes with a template subclass of
|
|
|
466 # the same name.
|
|
|
467 match = re.search("^\?(\??\w+\@\?\$\w+)\@", k)
|
|
|
468 if match:
|
|
|
469 name = match.group(1)
|
|
|
470 else:
|
|
|
471 # Find member functions of templates by demangling the name and
|
|
|
472 # checking if the second-to-last name in the list is a template.
|
|
|
473 match = re.match('_Z(T[VTIS])?(N.+)', k)
|
|
|
474 if match:
|
|
|
475 try:
|
|
|
476 names, _ = parse_itanium_nested_name(match.group(2))
|
|
|
477 if names and names[-2][1]:
|
|
|
478 name = ''.join([x for x,_ in names])
|
|
|
479 except TooComplexName:
|
|
|
480 # Manglings that are too complex should already have been
|
|
|
481 # filtered out, but if we happen to somehow see one here
|
|
|
482 # just leave it as-is.
|
|
|
483 pass
|
|
|
484 if name:
|
|
|
485 old_count = template_function_count.setdefault(name,0)
|
|
|
486 template_function_count[name] = old_count + 1
|
|
|
487 template_function_mapping[k] = name
|
|
|
488 else:
|
|
|
489 template_function_mapping[k] = ""
|
|
|
490
|
|
|
491 # Print symbols which both:
|
|
|
492 # * Appear in exactly one input, as symbols defined in multiple
|
|
|
493 # objects/libraries are assumed to have public definitions.
|
|
|
494 # * Aren't instances of member functions of templates which have been
|
|
|
495 # instantiated 100 times or more, which are assumed to have public
|
|
|
496 # definitions. (100 is an arbitrary guess here.)
|
|
|
497 if args.o:
|
|
|
498 outfile = open(args.o,'w')
|
|
|
499 else:
|
|
|
500 outfile = sys.stdout
|
|
|
501 for k,v in list(symbols.items()):
|
|
|
502 template_count = template_function_count[template_function_mapping[k]]
|
|
|
503 if v == 1 and template_count < 100:
|
|
|
504 print(k, file=outfile)
|
