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annotate docs/nitros9guide/chap6.chapter @ 2187:dc01b8d40ee0
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| author | boisy |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 11 Mar 2009 02:07:19 +0000 |
| parents | b00cf13c9f61 |
| children |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 1093 | 1 <chapter id="sec6"> |
| 146 | 2 <title>Use of the System Disk</title> |
| 3 <para> | |
| 1500 | 4 Disk-based NitrOS-9 systems use a system disk to load many parts of |
| 146 | 5 the operating system during the system startup and to provide files |
| 6 frequently used during normal system operations. Therefore, the | |
| 7 system disk is generally kept in disk drive zero ("/D0") when the | |
| 8 system is running. | |
| 9 </para> | |
| 10 <para> | |
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11 Two files used during the system startup operation, <filename>OS9Boot</filename> and |
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12 <filename>startup</filename> <emphasis>must</emphasis> |
| 146 | 13 reside in the system disk's root directory. Other |
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14 files are organized into three directories: |
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15 <filename class="directory">CMDS</filename> (commands), |
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16 <filename class="directory">DEFS</filename> (system-wide definitions), |
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17 and <filename class="directory">SYS</filename> (other system files). Other files |
| 146 | 18 and directories created by the system manager and/or users may also |
| 19 reside on the system disk. These frequently include each user s | |
| 20 initial data directory. | |
| 21 </para> | |
| 22 | |
| 1093 | 23 <section id="sec6.1"> |
| 1011 | 24 <title>The OS9Boot File</title> |
| 146 | 25 |
| 26 <para> | |
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27 The file called <filename>OS9Boot</filename> loaded into RAM memory by the |
| 1500 | 28 "bootstrap" routine located in the NitrOS-9 firmware. It includes file |
| 146 | 29 managers, device drivers and descriptors, and any other modules |
| 1500 | 30 which are permanently resident in memory. The NitrOS-9 |
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31 distribution disk's <filename>OS9Boot</filename> file contains the following modules: |
| 146 | 32 </para> |
| 33 <informaltable frame="none"> | |
| 34 <tgroup cols="2"> | |
| 646 | 35 <colspec colwidth="1.5in"/> |
| 36 <colspec colwidth="3.5in"/> | |
| 146 | 37 <tbody> |
| 38 <row> | |
| 1500 | 39 <entry>KernelP2</entry> |
| 40 <entry>NitrOS-9 Kernel, Part 2</entry> | |
| 1011 | 41 </row> |
| 42 <row> | |
| 43 <entry>IOMan</entry> | |
| 1500 | 44 <entry>NitrOS-9 Input/Output Manager</entry> |
| 146 | 45 </row> |
| 46 <row> | |
| 1011 | 47 <entry>Init</entry> |
| 48 <entry>Initialization Data Module</entry> | |
| 49 </row> | |
| 50 <row> | |
| 146 | 51 <entry>RBF</entry> |
| 52 <entry>Random Block (disk) File Manager</entry> | |
| 53 </row> | |
| 54 <row> | |
| 55 <entry>SCF</entry> | |
| 56 <entry>Sequential Character (terminal) File Manager</entry> | |
| 57 </row> | |
| 58 <row> | |
| 1011 | 59 <entry>PipeMan</entry> |
| 60 <entry>Pipe File Manager</entry> | |
| 146 | 61 </row> |
| 62 <row> | |
| 63 <entry>Piper</entry> | |
| 1011 | 64 <entry>Pipe Driver</entry> |
| 146 | 65 </row> |
| 66 <row> | |
| 67 <entry>Pipe</entry> | |
| 1011 | 68 <entry>Pipe Device Descriptor</entry> |
| 69 </row> | |
| 70 <row> | |
| 71 <entry>CC3IO</entry> | |
| 72 <entry>CoCo 3 Keyboard/Video Device Driver</entry> | |
| 73 </row> | |
| 74 <row> | |
| 75 <entry>WindInt</entry> | |
| 76 <entry>CoCo 3 Graphics Co-Module</entry> | |
| 146 | 77 </row> |
| 78 <row> | |
| 1011 | 79 <entry>VDGInt</entry> |
| 80 <entry>CoCo 2 Compatible Graphics Co-Module</entry> | |
| 81 </row> | |
| 82 <row> | |
| 83 <entry>Term</entry> | |
| 84 <entry>Terminal Device Descriptor</entry> | |
| 146 | 85 </row> |
| 86 <row> | |
| 1011 | 87 <entry>CC3Disk</entry> |
| 88 <entry>CoCo 3 Disk Driver</entry> | |
| 89 </row> | |
| 90 <row> | |
| 91 <entry>DD, D0, D1</entry> | |
| 92 <entry>Disk Device Descriptors</entry> | |
| 93 </row> | |
| 94 <row> | |
| 95 <entry>Printer</entry> | |
| 146 | 96 <entry>Printer Device Driver</entry> |
| 97 </row> | |
| 98 <row> | |
| 1011 | 99 <entry>p</entry> |
| 146 | 100 <entry>Printer Device Descriptor</entry> |
| 101 </row> | |
| 102 <row> | |
| 1011 | 103 <entry>Clock</entry> |
| 146 | 104 <entry>Real-Time Clock Module</entry> |
| 105 </row> | |
| 106 <row> | |
| 1500 | 107 <entry>Clock2</entry> |
| 108 <entry>Second Part of Real-Time Clock Module</entry> | |
| 109 </row> | |
| 110 <row> | |
| 111 <entry>SysGo</entry> | |
| 146 | 112 <entry>System Startup Process</entry> |
| 113 </row> | |
| 114 </tbody> | |
| 115 </tgroup> | |
| 116 </informaltable> | |
| 117 | |
| 118 <para> | |
| 119 Users may create new bootstrap files which may include additional | |
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120 modules (see <command>OS9Gen</command> command). Any module loaded as part of the |
| 146 | 121 bootstrap cannot be unlinked and is stored in memory with a minimum |
| 122 of fragmentation. It may be advantageous to include in the OS9Boot | |
| 123 file any module used constantly during normal system operation. | |
| 124 This can be done with the OS9GEN command. | |
| 125 </para> | |
| 126 </section> | |
| 127 | |
| 1093 | 128 <section id="sec6.2"> |
| 146 | 129 <title>The SYS Directory</title> |
| 130 | |
| 131 <para> | |
| 1500 | 132 The directory <filename>/d0/SYS</filename> contains several important files: |
| 146 | 133 </para> |
| 134 <informaltable frame="none"> | |
| 135 <tgroup cols="2"> | |
| 646 | 136 <colspec colwidth="1in"/> |
| 137 <colspec colwidth="4in"/> | |
| 146 | 138 <tbody> |
| 139 <row> | |
| 140 <entry>password</entry> | |
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141 <entry>the system password file (see <command>login</command> command)</entry> |
| 146 | 142 </row> |
| 143 <row> | |
| 144 <entry>errmsg</entry> | |
| 1011 | 145 <entry>the error message file</entry> |
| 146 | 146 </row> |
| 1500 | 147 <row> |
| 148 <entry>helpmsg</entry> | |
| 149 <entry>the help database file</entry> | |
| 150 </row> | |
| 146 | 151 </tbody> |
| 152 </tgroup> | |
| 153 </informaltable> | |
| 154 <para> | |
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155 These files (and the <filename class="directory">SYS</filename> directory itself) are not absolutely |
| 1500 | 156 required to boot NitrOS-9, they are needed if <command>login</command>, <command>tsmon</command>, or |
| 157 <command>help</command> will be used. Users may add other system-wide files of | |
| 146 | 158 similar nature if desired. |
| 159 </para> | |
| 160 </section> | |
| 161 | |
| 1093 | 162 <section id="sec6.3"> |
| 146 | 163 <title>The Startup File</title> |
| 164 | |
| 165 <para> | |
| 1500 | 166 The file <filename>startup</filename> in the root directory is a shell procedure file which |
| 146 | 167 is automatically processed immediately after system startup. The |
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168 user may include in <filename>startup</filename> any legal shell command line. Often |
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169 this will include <command>setime</command> to start the system clock. If this file |
| 146 | 170 is not present the system will still start correctly but the user |
| 171 must run the SETIME command manually. | |
| 172 </para> | |
| 173 </section> | |
| 174 | |
| 1093 | 175 <section id="sec6.4"> |
| 146 | 176 <title>The CMDS Directory</title> |
| 177 | |
| 178 <para> | |
| 1500 | 179 The directory <filename class="directory">CMDS</filename> is the system-wide command object code |
| 146 | 180 directory, which is normally shared by all users as their working |
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181 execution directory. If <command>shell</command> is not part of the |
| 1500 | 182 <filename>OS9Boot</filename> file (and it shouldn't be in a Level 2 system), it must be present in this directory. The system |
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183 startup process "sysgo" makes <filename class="directory">CMDS</filename> the initial execution directory. |
| 146 | 184 </para> |
| 185 </section> | |
| 186 | |
| 1093 | 187 <section id="sec6.5"> |
| 146 | 188 <title>The DEFS Directory</title> |
| 189 | |
| 190 <para> | |
| 1500 | 191 The directory <filename class="directory">DEFS</filename> is a directory that contains assembly |
| 146 | 192 language source code files which contain common system-wide symbolic |
| 193 definitions, and are normally included in assembly language programs | |
| 1500 | 194 by means of the NitrOS-9 Assembler "use" directive. The presence and |
| 146 | 195 use of this directory is optional, but highly recommended for any |
| 196 system used for assembly language programs. The files commonly | |
| 197 contained in this directory are: | |
| 198 </para> | |
| 199 <informaltable frame="none"> | |
| 200 <tgroup cols="2"> | |
| 646 | 201 <colspec colwidth="1in"/> |
| 202 <colspec colwidth="4in"/> | |
| 146 | 203 <tbody> |
| 204 <row> | |
| 205 <entry>OS9Defs</entry> | |
| 206 <entry>main system-wide definition file</entry> | |
| 207 </row> | |
| 208 <row> | |
| 209 <entry>RBFDefs</entry> | |
| 210 <entry>RBF file manager definition file</entry> | |
| 211 </row> | |
| 212 <row> | |
| 213 <entry>SCFDefs</entry> | |
| 214 <entry>SCF file manager definition file</entry> | |
| 215 </row> | |
| 216 <row> | |
| 217 <entry>Systype</entry> | |
| 218 <entry>System types definition file</entry> | |
| 219 </row> | |
| 220 </tbody> | |
| 221 </tgroup> | |
| 222 </informaltable> | |
| 223 | |
| 224 </section> | |
| 225 | |
| 1093 | 226 <section id="sec6.6"> |
| 146 | 227 <title>Changing System Disks</title> |
| 228 | |
| 229 <para> | |
| 230 The system disk is not usually removed while the system is running, especially | |
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231 on multiuser systems. If it is, the <command>chx</command> and |
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232 <command>chd</command> (if the working data directory was on the system disk) |
| 146 | 233 commands should be executed to reset the working directory pointers |
| 234 because the directories may be at different addresses on the new | |
| 235 disk, for example: | |
| 236 </para> | |
| 237 | |
| 238 <screen> | |
| 239 chx /d0/cmds | |
| 240 chd /d0 | |
| 241 </screen> | |
| 242 | |
| 243 <para> | |
| 244 In general, it is unwise to remove a disk and replace it with | |
| 245 another if any paths are open to files resident on the disk. It is | |
| 246 <emphasis>dangerous</emphasis> to exchange <emphasis>any</emphasis> | |
| 247 disk if any files on it are open in WRITE or UPDATE modes. | |
| 248 </para> | |
| 249 | |
| 250 | |
| 251 </section> | |
| 252 | |
| 1093 | 253 <section id="sec6.7"> |
| 146 | 254 <title>Making New System Disks</title> |
| 255 | |
| 256 <para> | |
| 257 To make a system disk, the following steps must be performed: | |
| 258 | |
| 259 <orderedlist numeration="arabic"> | |
| 260 <listitem><para> | |
| 261 The new disk must be formatted. | |
| 262 </para></listitem> | |
| 263 | |
| 264 <listitem><para> | |
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265 The <filename>OS9Boot</filename> file must be created and linked by the <command>OS9Gen</command> or |
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266 <command>Cobbler</command> commands. |
| 146 | 267 </para></listitem> |
| 268 | |
| 269 <listitem><para> | |
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270 The <filename>startup</filename> file must be created or copied. |
| 146 | 271 </para></listitem> |
| 272 | |
| 273 <listitem><para> | |
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274 The <filename class="directory">CMDS</filename> and |
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275 <filename class="directory">SYS</filename> directories and the files they contain must be |
| 146 | 276 copied. |
| 277 </para></listitem> | |
| 1500 | 278 |
| 279 <listitem><para> | |
| 280 For Level 2, the <filename>sysgo</filename> file in the root directory must be | |
| 281 copied. | |
| 282 </para></listitem> | |
| 146 | 283 </orderedlist> |
| 284 | |
| 1500 | 285 Steps 2 through 5 may be performed manually, or automatically by any |
| 146 | 286 of the following methods: |
| 287 <orderedlist numeration="arabic"> | |
| 288 <listitem><para> | |
| 289 By a shell procedure file created by the user. | |
| 290 </para></listitem> | |
| 291 | |
| 292 <listitem><para> | |
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293 By a shell procedure file generated by the <command>dsave</command> command |
| 146 | 294 </para></listitem> |
| 295 | |
| 296 <listitem><para> | |
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297 By the <command>backup</command> command |
| 146 | 298 </para></listitem> |
| 299 </orderedlist> | |
| 300 </para> | |
| 301 </section> | |
| 302 </chapter> |