# HG changeset patch
# User roug
# Date 1026032336 0
# Node ID d9631713b7cd196e84397ec652629dc7feca9acd
# Parent a6eb496dbc1e8f9685df615765cccdf34b1f74c1
Split up the commands into individual files.
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/dump.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/dump.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+
+
+DUMP
+Formatted File Data Dump in Hexadecimal and ASCII
+
+
+
+
+DUMP
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command produces a formatted display of the physical data
+contents of the path specified which may be a mass storage file or
+any other I/O device. If a pathlist is omitted, the standard input
+path is used. The output is written to standard output. This command is
+commonly used to examine the contents of non-text files.
+
+
+The data is displayed 16 bytes per line in both hexadecimal and
+ASCII character format. Data bytes that have non-displayable values
+are represented by periods in the character area.
+
+
+The addresses displayed on the dump are relative to the beginning of
+the file. Because memory modules are position-independent and stored
+on files exactly as they exist in memory, the addresses shown on the
+dump correspond to the relative load addresses of memory-module
+files.
+
+
+Examples
+
+DUMP (display keyboard input in hex)
+DUMP myfile >/P (dump myfile to printer)
+DUMP shortfile
+
+
+
+Sample Output
+
+ Addr 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0 2 4 6 8 A C E
+ ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----------------
+ 0000 87CD 0038 002A P181 2800 2E00 3103 FFE0 .M.8.*q.(...1..'
+ 0010 0418 0000 0100 0101 0001 1808 180D 1B04 ................
+ 0020 0117 0311 0807 1500 002A 5445 S2CD 5343 .........*TERMSC
+ 0030 C641 4349 C10E 529E FACIA.R.
+
+ ^ ^ ^
+
+starting data bytes in hexadecimal data bytes in
+address format ASCII format
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/echo.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/echo.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+
+
+ECHO
+Echo text to output path
+
+
+
+
+ECHO
+
+ &replstart;text&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command echoes its argument to the standard output path. It is
+typically used to generate messages in shell procedure files or to
+send an initialization character sequence to a terminal. The text
+should not include any of the punctuation characters used by the
+shell.
+
+
+Examples
+
+echo >/T2 Hello John how's it going & (echo to T2)
+
+echo >/term ** warning ** disk about to be scratched 1
+
+echo >/p Listing of Transaction File; list trans >/p
+
+
+OS9: echo Here is an important message!
+Here is an important message!
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/ex.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/ex.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+
+
+EX
+Execute program as overlay
+
+
+
+
+EX
+
+ &replstart;module name&replend;
+
+
+ &replstart;modifiers&replend;
+
+
+ &replstart;parameters&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This a shell built-in command that causes the process executing the
+shell to start execution of another program. It permits a transition
+from the shell to another program without creating another process,
+thus conserving system memory.
+
+
+This command is often used when the shell is called from another
+program to execute a specific program, after which the shell is not
+needed. For instance, applications which only use BASIC09 need not
+waste memory space on SHELL.
+
+
+The "ex" command should always be the last command on a shell input
+line because any command line following will never be processed.
+
+
+NOTE: Since this is a built-in SHELL command, it does not appear in
+the CMDS directory.
+
+
+For more information see: 4.5, 4.6, 4.9
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+ex BASIC09
+
+tsmon /t1&; tsmon /t2&; ex tsmon /term
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/format.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/format.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+
+FORMAT
+Initialize disk media
+
+
+
+
+FORMAT
+
+ &replstart;devname&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command is used to physically initialize, verify, and establish
+an initial file structure on a disk. All disks must be formatted
+before they can be used on an OS-9 system.
+
+
+NOTE: If the diskette is to be used as a system disk, "OS9gen" or
+"cobbler" must be run to create the bootstrap after the disk has
+been formatted.
+
+
+
+The formatting process works as follows:
+
+
+
+
+
+The disk surface is physically initialized and sectored.
+
+
+
+
+Each sector is read back and verified. If the sector fails to
+verify after several attempts, the offending sector is excluded from
+the initial free space on the disk. As the verification is
+performed, track numbers are displayed on the standard output
+device.
+
+
+
+
+The disk allocation map, root directory, and identification sector are written
+to the first few sectors of track zero. These
+sectors cannot be defective.
+
+
+
+
+FORMAT will prompt for a disk volume name, which can be up to 32
+characters long and may include spaces or punctuation. This name
+can later be displayed using the FREE command.
+
+
+For more information see: 3.10
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/free.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/free.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+
+
+FREE
+Display free space remaining on mass-storage device
+
+
+
+
+FREE
+
+ &replstart;devname&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command displays the number of unused 256-byte sectors on a
+device which are available for new files or for expanding existing
+files. The device name given must be that of a mass-storage
+multifile device. "Free" also displays the disk's name, creation
+date, and cluster size.
+
+
+Data sectors are allocated in groups called "clusters". The number
+of sectors per cluster depends on the storage capacity and physical
+characteristics of the specific device. This means that small
+amounts of free space may not be divisible into as many files. For
+example, if a given disk system uses 8 sectors per cluster, and a
+"free" command shows 32 sectors free, a maximum of four new files
+could be created even if each has only one cluster.
+
+
+For more information see: 3.10
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: free
+BACKUP DATA DISK created on: 80/06/12
+Capacity: 1,232 sectors (1-sector clusters)
+1,020 free sectors, largest block 935 sectors
+
+OS9: free /D1
+OS-9 Documentation Disk created on: 81/04/13
+Capacity: 1,232 sectors (1-sector clusters)
+568 Free sectors, largest block 440 sectors
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/ident.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/ident.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+
+
+IDENT
+Print OS-9 module identification
+
+
+
+
+IDENT
+
+
+
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command is used to display header information from OS-9 memory
+modules. IDENT displays the module size, CRC bytes (with verification), and for
+program and device driver modules, the execution
+offset and the permanent storage requirement bytes. IDENT will
+print and interpret the type/language and attribute/revision bytes.
+In addition, IDENT displays the byte immediately following the
+module name since most Microware-supplied modules set this byte to
+indicate the module edition.
+
+
+IDENT will display all modules contained in a disk file. If the
+"-m" option appears, &replstart;path&replend; is assumed to be a module in memory.
+
+
+If the "-v" option is specified, the module CRC is not verified.
+
+
+The "-x" option implies the pathlist begins in the execution
+directory.
+
+
+The "-s" option causes IDENT to display the. following module
+information on a single line:
+
+
+
+Edition byte (first byte after module name)
+
+
+Type/Language byte
+
+
+Module CRC
+
+
+A "." if the CRC verifies correctly, "?" if incorrect.
+(IDENT will leave this field blank if the "-v" option appears.)
+
+
+Module name
+
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: ident -m ident
+Header for: Ident <Module name>
+Module size: $06A5 #1701 <Module size>
+Module CRC: $1CE78A (Good) <Good or Bad>
+Hdr parity: $8B <Header parity>
+Exec. off: $0222 #546 <Execution offset>
+Data size: $0CA1 #3233 <Permanent storage requirement>
+Edition: $05 #5 <First byte after module name>
+Ty/La At/Rv: $11 $81 <Type/Language Attribute/Revision>
+Prog mod, 6809 obj, re-en <Module type, Language, Attribute>
+
+
+OS9: ident /d0/os9boot -s
+ 1 $C0 $A366DC . OS9p2
+ 83 $C0 $7FC336 . Init
+ 1 $11 $39BA94 . SysGo
+ 1 $C1 $402573 . IOMan
+ 3 $D1 $EE937A . REF
+ 82 $F1 $526268 . D0
+ 82 $F1 $D65245 . D1
+ 82 $F1 $E32FFE . D2
+ 1 $D1 $F944D7 . SCF
+ 2 $E1 $F9FE37 . ACIA
+ 83 $F1 $765270 . TERM
+ 83 $F1 $B4396C . T1
+ 83 $F1 $63B73B . T2
+ 83 $F1 $0F9B78 . T3
+ 83 $F1 $F83EB9 . T4
+ 83 $F1 $D6DD9A . T5
+ 3 $E1 $3EE015 . PIA
+ 83 $F1 $12A43B . P
+ 2 $D1 $BBC1EE . PipeMan
+ 2 $E1 $5B2B56 . Piper
+ 80 $F1 $CC06AF . Pipe
+ 2 $C1 $248B2C . Clock
+ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
+ | | | | |
+ | | | | Module name
+ | | | CRC check " " if -v, "." if OK, "?" if bad
+ | | CRC value
+ | Type/Language byte
+ Edition byte (first byte after name)
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/kill.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/kill.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+
+KILL
+Abort a process
+
+
+
+
+KILL
+
+ &replstart;procID&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This shell "built in" command sends an "abort" signal to the
+process having the process ID number specified. The process to be
+aborted must have the same user ID as the user that executed the
+command. The "procs" command can be used to obtain the process ID
+numbers.
+
+
+NOTE: If a process is waiting for I/O, it may not die until it
+completes the current I/O operation, therefore, if you KILL a
+process and the PROCS command shows it still exists, it is probably
+waiting for receive a line of data from a terminal before it can
+die.
+
+Since this is a built-in SHELL command, it does not appear in the
+CMDS directory.
+
+For more information see: 4.5, 5.2, PROCS
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+
+kill 5
+
+kill 22
+
+OS9: procs
+
+User # Id pty state Mem Primary module
+----- --- --- -------- --- --------------
+ 20 2 0 active 2 Shell <TERM
+ 20 1 0 waiting 1 Sysgo <TERM
+ 20 3 0 sleeping 20 Copy <TERM
+
+OS9: kill 3
+OS9: procs
+
+User # Id pty state Mem Primary module
+----- --- --- -------- --- --------------
+ 20 2 0 active 2 Shell <TERM
+ 20 1 0 waiting 1 Sysgo <TERM
+
+OS9:
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/link.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/link.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+
+
+LINK
+Link module into memory
+
+
+
+
+LINK
+
+ &replstart;memory module name&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command is used to "lock" a previously loaded module into
+memory. The link count of the module specified is incremented by one
+each time it is "linked". The "unlink" command is
+used to "unlock"
+the module when it is no longer needed.
+
+
+For more information see: 5.4, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3
+
+
+Examples
+
+
+OS9: LINK edit
+
+OS9: LINK myprogram
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/list.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/list.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+
+
+LIST
+List the contents of a text file
+
+
+
+
+LIST
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+ &repeatst; &replstart;path&replend; &repeaten;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command copies text lines from the path(s) given as parameters
+to the standard output path. The program terminates upon reaching
+the end-of-file of the last input path. If more than one path is
+specified, the first path will be copied to standard output, the
+second path will be copied next, etc.
+
+
+This command is most commonly used to examine or print text files.
+
+
+For more information see: 2.3, 3.9.2
+
+
+Examples
+
+list /d0/startup >/P & (output is redirected to printer)
+
+list /D1/user5/document /d0/myfile /d0/Bob/text
+
+list /TERM >/p (copy keyboard to printer - use
+ "escape" key to terminate input)
+
+
+
+OS9: build animals
+? cat
+? cow
+? dog
+? elephant
+? bird
+? fish
+? [RETURN]
+
+OS9: list animals
+cat
+cow
+dog
+elephant
+bird
+fish
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/load.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/load.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+
+
+LOAD
+Load module(s) from file into memory
+
+
+
+
+LOAD
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+The path specified is opened and one or more modules is read from it
+and loaded into memory. The names of the modules are added to the
+module directory. If a module is loaded that has the same name and
+type as a module already in memory, the module having the highest
+revision level is kept.
+
+
+For more information see: 3.9.4, 5.4.1, 5.4.2
+
+
+Examples
+
+ load new_program
+
+
+
+
+OS9:mdir
+
+ Module Directory at 13:36:47
+DCB4 D0 D1 D2 D3
+OS9P2 INIT OS9 IOMAN REF
+SCF ACIA TERM T1 T2
+T3 P PIA CDS H1
+Sysgo Clock Shell Tsmon Copy
+Mdir
+
+OS9:load edit
+OS9:mdir
+
+ Module Directory at 13:37:14
+DCB4 D0 D1 D2 D3
+OS9P2 INIT OS9 IOMAN REF
+SCF ACIA TERM T1 T2
+T3 P PIA CDS H1
+Sysgo Clock Shell Tsmon Copy
+Mdir EDIT
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/login.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/login.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+
+
+LOGIN
+Timesharing System Log-In
+
+
+
+
+LOGIN
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Login is used in timesharing systems to provide log-in security. It
+is automatically called by the timesharing monitor "tsmon", or can
+be used after initial log-in to change a terminal's user.
+
+
+Login requests a user name and password, which is checked against a
+validation file. If the information is correct, the user's system
+priority, user ID, and working directories are set up according to
+information stored in the file, and the initial program specified in
+the password file is executed (usually SHELL). If the user cannot
+supply a correct user name and password after three attempts, the
+process is aborted. The validation file is called "PASSWORD" and
+must be present in the directory "/d0/SYS". The file contains one or
+more variable-length text records, one for each user name. Each
+record has the following fields, which are delimited by commas:
+
+
+1. User name (up to 32 characters, may include spaces). If this
+field is empty, any name will match.
+
+
+2. Password (up to 32 characters, may include spaces) If this field
+is omitted, no password is required by the specific use.
+
+
+3. User index (ID) number (from 0 to 65535, 0 is superuser).
+This number is used by the file security system and as the system-wide
+user ID to identify all processes initiated by the user. The
+system manager should assign a unique ID to each potential user.
+(See 3.8)
+
+
+4. Initial process (CPU time) priority: 1 - 255 (see 5.2)
+
+
+5. Pathlist of initial execution directory (usually /d0/CMDS)
+
+
+6. Pathlist of initial data directory (specific user's directory)
+
+
+7. Name of initial program to execute (usually "shell").
+NOTE: This is not a shell command line.
+
+
+Here's a sample validation file:
+
+
+
+superuser,secret,0,255,.,.,shell
+steve,open sesame,3,128,.,/d1/STEVE,shell
+sally,qwerty,10,100,/d0/BUSINESS,/d1/LETTERS,wordprocessor
+bob,,4,128,.,/d1/BOB,Basic09
+
+
+
+To use the login command, enter:
+
+
+login
+
+
+This will cause prompts for the user's name and (optionally)
+password to be displayed, and if answered correctly, the user is
+logged into the system. Login initializes the user number, working
+execution directory, working data directory, and executes the
+initial program specified by the password file. The date, time and
+process number (which is not the same as
+the user ID, see 5.3) are also displayed.
+
+
+Note: if the shell from which "login" was called will not be needed
+again, it may be discarded by using the EX command to start the
+LOGIN command. For example:
+
+
+ex login
+
+
+Logging Off the System
+
+To log off the system, the initial program specified in the password
+file must be terminated. For most programs (including shell) this
+may be done by typing an end of file character (escape) as the first
+character on a line.
+
+
+
+Displaying a "Message-of-the-Day"
+
+If desired, a file named "motd" appearing in the SYS directory will
+cause LOGIN to display it's contents on the user's terminal after
+successful login. This file is not required for LOGIN to operate.
+
+
+For more information see: tsmon, 2.5, 3.8, 5.3
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: login
+
+OS-9 Level 1 Timesharing System Version 1.2 82/12/04 13:02:22
+
+User name?: superuser
+Password: secret
+
+Process #07 logged 81/12/04 13:03:00
+
+Welcome!
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/makdir.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/makdir.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+
+
+MAKDIR
+Create directory file
+
+
+
+
+MAKDIR
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Creates a new directory file acdording to the pathlist given. The
+pathlist must refer to a parent directory for which the user has
+write permission.
+
+
+The new directory is initialized and initially does not contain
+files except for the "." and ".." pointers to its parent directory
+and itself, respectively (see 3.7.3). All access permissions are
+enabled (except sharable).
+
+
+It is customary (but not mandatory) to capitalize directory names.
+
+
+For more information see: 3.3, 3.4, 3.5,3.7.3, 3.9.5
+
+
+Examples
+
+makdir /d1/STEVE/PROJECT
+
+makdir DATAFILES
+
+makdir ../SAVEFILES
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/mdir.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/mdir.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+
+
+MDIR
+Display Module Directory
+
+
+
+
+MDIR
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Displays the present module names in the system module directory,
+i.e., all modules currently resident in memory. For example:
+
+
+OS9: mdir
+
+ Module Directory at 14:44:35
+D0 Pipe OS9 OS9P2
+Init Boot DDisk D1
+KBVDIO TERM IOMan RBF
+SCF SysGo Clock Shell
+PRINTER P PipeMan Piper
+Mdir
+
+
+If the "e" option is given, a full listing of the physical address,
+size, type, revision level, reentant attribute, user count, and name
+of each module is displayed. All numbers shown are in hexadecimal.
+
+
+OS9: MDIR E
+
+Module Directory at 10:55:04
+
+ADDR SIZE TY RV AT UC NAME
+---- ---- -- -- -- -- --------
+C305 2F F1 1 R D0
+F059 7EB C1 1 R OS9
+F852 4F4 C1 1 R OS9P2
+FD46 2E CO 1 R INIT
+C363 798 E1 1 R 2 KBVDIO
+CAFB 38 F1 1 R 2 TERM
+
+
+
+WARNING: Many of the modules listed by MDIR are OS-9 system modules
+and NOT executable as programs: always check the module type code
+before running a module if you are not familiar with it!
+
+
+For more information see: 5.4.1
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/merge.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/merge.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+
+
+MERGE
+Copy and Combine Files to Standard Output
+
+
+
+
+MERGE
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+ &repeatst; &replstart;path&replend; &repeaten;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command copies multiple input files specified by the pathlists
+given as parameters to the standard output path. it is commonly
+used to combine several files into a single output file. Data is
+copied in the order the pathlists are given. MERGE does no output
+line editing (such as automatic line feed). The standard output is
+generally redirected to a file or device.
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: merge file1 file2 file3 file4 >combined.file
+
+OS9: merge compile.list asm.list >/printer
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/mfree.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/mfree.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+
+
+MFREE
+Display Free System RAM
+
+
+
+
+MFREE
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Displays a list of which areas of memory are not presently in use
+and available for assignment. The address and size of each free
+memory block are displayed. The size is given as the number of 256-byte
+pages. This information is useful to detect and correct memory
+fragmentation (see 5.4.3).
+
+
+For more information see: 5.4, 5.4.3
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: mfree
+
+ Address pages
+--------- -----
+ 700- 7FF 1
+ B00-AEFF 164
+B100-B1FF 1
+
+Total pages free = 166
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/os9gen.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/os9gen.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+
+
+OS9GEN
+Build and Link a Bootstrap File
+
+
+
+
+OS9GEN
+
+ &replstart;device name&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+OS9Gen is used to create and link the "OS9Boot" file required on any
+disk from which OS-9 is to be bootstrapped. OS9Gen is used to add
+modules to an existing boot or to create an entirely new boot file.
+If an exact copy of the existing OS9Boot file is desired, the
+COBBLER command should be used instead.
+
+
+The name of the device on which the "OS9Boot" file is to be
+installed is passed to OS9Gen as a command line parameter. OS9Gen then
+creates a working file called "TempBoot" on the device specified.
+Next it reads file names (pathlists) from its standard input, one
+pathlist per line. Every file named is opened and copied to
+"TempBoot". This is repeated until end-of-file or a blank line is
+reached on OS9Gen's standard input. All boot files must contain the
+OS-9 component modules listed in section 6.1.
+
+
+After all input files have been copied to "TempBoot", the old
+"OS9Boot" file, if present, is deleted. "TempBoot" is then renamed
+to "OS9Boot", and its starting address and size is linked in the
+disk's Identification Sector (LSN 0) for use by the OS-9 bootstrap
+firmware.
+
+
+WARNING: Any "OS9Boot" file must be stored in physically contiguous
+sectors. Therefore, OS9Gen is normally used on a freshly formatted
+disk. If the "OS9Boot" file is fragmented, OS9Gen will print a
+warning message indicated the disk cannot be used to bootstrap OS-9.
+
+
+The list of file names given to OS9Gen can be entered from a keyboard, or
+OS9Gen's standard input may be redirected to a text file
+containing a list of file names (pathlists) . If names are entered
+manually, no prompts are given, and the end-of-file key (usually
+ESCAPE) or a blank line is entered after the line containing the
+last pathlist.
+
+
+For more information see: 6.0, 6.1, 6.6
+
+
+Examples
+
+To manually install a boot file on device "d1" which is an exact
+copy of the "OS9Boot" file on device "d0":
+
+
+OS9: os9gen /d1 (run OS9Gen)
+/d0/os9boot (enter file to be installed)
+[ESCAPE] (enter end-of-file)
+
+
+To manually install a boot file on device "d1" which is a copy of
+the "OS9Boot" file on device "do" with the addition of
+modules stored in the files "/d0/tape.driver" and "/d2/video.driver":
+
+
+OS9: os9gen /d1 (run OS9Gen)
+/d0/os9boot (enter main boot file name)
+/d0/tape.driver (enter name of first file to be added)
+/d2/video.driver (enter name of second file to be added)
+[ESCAPE] (enter end-of-file)
+
+
+As above, but automatically by redirecting OS9Gen standard input:
+
+
+OS9: build /d0/bootlist (use "build" to create file "bootlist")
+? /d0/os9boot (enter first file name)
+? /d0/tape.driver (enter second file name)
+? /d2/video.driver (enter third file name)
+? [RETURN] (terminate "build")
+OS9: os9gen /d1 </d0/bootlist (run OS9gen with redirected input)
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/printerr.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/printerr.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+
+
+PRINTERR
+Print Full Text Error Messages
+
+
+
+
+PRINTERR
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command replaces the basic OS-9 error printing routine (F$PERR
+service request) which only prints error code numbers, with a
+routine the reads and displays textual error messages from the file
+"/d0/SYS/errmsg". Printerr's effect is system-wide.
+
+
+A standard error message file is supplied with OS-9. This file can
+be edited or replaced by the system manager. The file is a normal
+text file with variable length line. Each error message line begins
+with the error number code (in ASCII characters), a delimiter, and
+the error message text. The error messages need not be in any
+particular order. Delimiters are spaces or any character numerically lower then
+$20. Any line having a delimiter as its first
+character is considered a contintjation of the previous line(s) which
+permits multi-line error messages.
+
+
+WARNING: Once the printerr command has been used, it can not be undone. Once
+installed, the PRINTERR module should not be unlinked.
+PRINTERR uses the current user's stack for an I/O buffer, so users
+are encouraged to reserve reasonably large stacks.
+
+
+For more information see: 4.7, 6.2
+
+
+Examples
+
+
+OS9: printerr
+
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/procs.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/procs.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+
+
+PROCS
+Display Processes
+
+
+
+
+PROCS
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Displays a list of processes running on the system. Normally only
+processes having the user's ID are listed, but if the "e" option is
+given, processes of all users are listed. The display is a
+"snapshot" taken at the instant the command is executed: processes
+can switch states rapidly, usually many times per second.
+
+
+PROCS shows the user and process ID numbers, priority, state
+(process status), memory size (in 256 byte pages), primary program
+module, and standard input path.
+
+
+For more information see: 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
+
+
+Examples
+
+Level One Example:
+
+
+User# Id pty state Mem Primary module
+---- --- --- -------- --- --------------
+ 0 2 0 active 2 Shell
+ 0 1 0 waiting 1 SysGo
+ 1 3 1 waiting 2 Tsmon
+ 1 4 1 waiting 4 Shell
+ 1 5 1 active 64 Basic09
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/pwd.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/pwd.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+
+
+PWD/PXD
+Print Working Directory / Print Execution Directory
+
+
+
+
+PWD
+
+
+PXD
+
+
+
+Description
+
+PWD displays a pathlist that shows the path from the root
+directory to the user's current data directory. It can be used by
+programs to discover the actual physical location of files, or by
+humans who get lost in the file system. PXD is identical except
+that is shows the pathlist of the user's current execution directory.
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: chd /D1/STEVE/TEXTFILES/MANUALS
+OS9: pwd
+/D1/STEVE/TEXTFILES/MANUALS
+OS9: chd ..
+OS9: pwd
+/D1/STEVE/TEXTFILES
+OS9: chd ..
+OS9: pwd
+/D1/STEVE
+
+OS9: pxd
+/D0/CMDS
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/rename.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/rename.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+
+
+RENAME
+Change file name
+
+
+
+
+RENAME
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+ &replstart;new name&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Gives the mass storage file specified in the pathlist a new name.
+The user must have write permission for the file to change its name.
+It is not possible to change the names of devices, ".", or
+".."
+
+
+Examples
+
+rename blue purple
+
+rename /D3/user9/test temp
+
+
+
+OS9: dir
+
+ Directory of . 16:22:53
+myfile animals
+
+OS9:rename animals cars
+OS9:dir
+
+ Directory of . 16:23:22
+myfile cars
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/save.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/save.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+
+
+SAVE
+Save memory module(s) on a file
+
+
+
+
+SAVE
+
+ &replstart;path&replend;
+
+
+ &replstart;modname&replend;
+
+
+ &repeatst;&replstart;modname&replend;&repeaten;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+Creates a new file and writes a copy of the memory module(s)
+specified on to the file. The module name(s) must exist in the
+module directory when saved. The new file is given access
+permissions for all modes except public write.
+
+
+Note: SAVE's default directory is the current data directory.
+Executable modules should generally be saved in the default
+execution directory.
+
+
+Examples
+
+save wordcount wcount
+
+save /d1/mathpack add sub mul div
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/setime.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/setime.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+
+
+SETIME
+Activate and set system clock
+
+
+
+
+SETIME
+y,m,d,h,m,s
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command sets the system date and time, then activates the real
+time clock. The date and time can be entered as parameters, or if no
+parameters are given, SETIME will issue a prompt. Numbers are one
+or two decimal digits using space, colon, semicolon or slash
+delimiters. OS-9 system time uses the 24 hour clock, i.e., 1520 is
+3:20 PM.
+
+
+IMPORTANT NOTE: This command must be executed before OS-9 can
+perform multitasking operations. If the system does not have a real
+time clock this command should still be used to set the date for the
+file system.
+
+
+SYSTEMS WITH BATTERY BACKED UP CLOCKS: Setime should still be run to
+start time-slicing, but only the year need be given,
+the date and time will be read from the clock.
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: setime 82,12,22,1545 (Set to: Dec. 12, 1981, 3:45 PM)
+
+OS9: setime 821222 154500 (Same as above)
+
+OS9: setime 82 (For system with battery-backup clock)
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/setpr.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/setpr.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+
+
+SETPR
+Set Process Priority
+
+
+
+
+SETPR
+
+ &replstart;procID&replend;
+
+
+ &replstart;number&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command changes the CPU priority of a process. It may only be
+used with a process having the user's ID. The process number is a
+decimal number in the range of 1 (lowest) to 255. The "procs"
+command can be used to obtain process ID numbers and present priority.
+
+
+NOTE: This command does not appear in the CMDS directory as it is
+built-in to the SHELL.
+
+
+For more information see: 5.1, PROCS
+
+
+Examples
+
+setpr 8 250 (change process #8 priority to 250)
+
+
+
+OS9: procs
+
+User # Id pty state Mem Primary module
+----- --- --- -------- --- --------------
+ 0 3 0 waiting 2 Shell <TERM
+ 0 2 0 waiting 2 Shell <TERM
+ 0 1 0 waiting 1 Sysgo <TERM
+
+
+OS9: setpr 3 128
+OS9: procs
+
+User # Id pty state Mem Primary module
+----- --- --- -------- --- --------------
+ 0 3 128 active 2 Shell <TERM
+ 0 2 0 waiting 2 Shell <TERM
+ 0 1 0 waiting 1 Sysgo <TERM
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/shell.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/shell.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+
+
+SHELL
+OS-9 Command Interpreter
+
+
+
+
+SHELL
+&replstart;arglist&replend;
+
+
+
+Description
+
+The Shell is OS-9's command interpreter program. It reads data from
+its standard input path (the keyboard or a file), and interprets the
+data as a sequence of commands. - The basic function of the shell is
+to initiate and control execution of other OS-9 programs.
+
+
+The shell reads and interprets one text line at a time from the
+standard input path. After interpretation of each line it reads
+another until an end-of-file condition occurs, at which time it
+terminates itself. A special case is when the shell is called from
+another program, in which case it will take the parameter area (rest
+of the command line) as its first line of input. If this command
+line consists of "built in" commands only, more lines will be read
+and processed; otherwise control will return to the calling program
+after the single command line is processed.
+
+
+The rest of this description is a technical specification of the
+shell syntax. Use of the Shell is described fully in Chapters 2
+and 4 of this manual.
+
+
+Shell Input Line Formal Syntax
+
+&replstart;pgm line&replend; := &replstart;pgm&replend; {&replstart;pgm&replend;}
+&replstart;pgm&replend; := [&replstart;params&replend;] [ &replstart;name&replend; [&replstart;modif&replend;] [&replstart;pgm params&replend;] [&replstart;modif&replend;] ] [&replstart;sep&replend;]
+
+Program Specifications
+
+&replstart;name&replend; := &replstart;module name&replend;
+ := &replstart;pathlist&replend;
+ := ( &replstart;pgm list&replend; )
+
+Parameters
+
+&replstart;params&replend;:= &replstart;param&replend; { &replstart;delim&replend; &replstart;param&replend; }
+&replstart;delim&replend; := space or comma characters
+&replstart;param&replend; := ex &replstart;name&replend; [&replstart;modif&replend;] chain to program specified
+ := chd &replstart;pathlist&replend; change working directory
+ := kill &replstart;procID&replend; send abort signal to process
+ := setpr&replstart;procID&replend; &replstart;pty&replend; change process priority
+ := chx &replstart;pathlist&replend; change execution directory
+ := w wait for any process to die
+ := p turn "OS9:" prompting on
+ := -p turn prompting off
+ := t echo input lines to std output
+ := -t don't echo input lines
+ := -x dont abort on error
+ := x abort on error
+ := * &replstart;text&replend; comment line: not processed
+&replstart;sep&replend; := ; sequential execution separator
+ := & concurrent execution separator
+ := ! pipeline separator
+ := &replstart;cr&replend; end-of-line (sequential execution separator)
+
+
+Modifiers
+
+&replstart;modif&replend; := &replstart;mod&replend; { &replstart;delim&replend; &replstart;mod&replend; }
+&replstart;mod&replend; := < &replstart;pathlist&replend; redirect standard input
+ := > &replstart;pathlist&replend; redirect standard output
+ := >> &replstart;pathlist&replend; redirect standard error output
+ := # &replstart;integer&replend; set process memory size in pages
+ := # &replstart;integer&replend; K set program memory size in 1K increments
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/sleep.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/sleep.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+
+
+SLEEP
+Suspend process for period of time
+
+
+
+
+SLEEP
+
+ &replstart;tick count&replend;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+This command puts the user's process to "sleep" for a number of
+clock ticks. It is generally used to generate time delays or to
+"break up" CPU-intensive jobs. The duration of a tick is 16.66
+milliseconds.
+
+
+A tick count of 1 causes the process to "give up" its current time
+slide. A tick count of zero causes the process to sleep
+indefinitely (usually awakened by a signal)
+
+
+
+Examples
+
+OS9: sleep 25
+
+
+
+
diff -r a6eb496dbc1e -r d9631713b7cd docs/nitros9guide/tee.refentry
--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/docs/nitros9guide/tee.refentry Sun Jul 07 08:58:56 2002 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+
+
+TEE
+Copy standard input to multiple output paths
+
+
+
+
+TEE
+
+ &repeatst;&replstart;path&replend;&repeaten;
+
+
+
+
+Description
+
+
+
+TEE
+
+Copy standard input to multiple output paths
+
+Syntax: Tee {&replstart;path&replend;}
+
+
+
+This command is a filter (see 4.3.3) that copies all text lines from
+its standard input path to the standard output path
+and any number
+of additional output paths whose pathlists are given as parameters.
+
+
+The example below uses a pipeline and TEE to simultaneously send the
+output listing of the "dir" command to the terminal, printer, and a
+disk file:
+
+
+dir e ! tee /printer /d0/dir.listing
+
+
+The following example sends the output of an assembler listing to a
+disk file and the printer:
+
+
+asm pgm.src l ! tee pgm.list >/printer
+
+
+The example below "broadcasts" a message to four terminals:
+
+
+echo WARNING System down in 10 minutes ! tee /t1 /t2 /t3 /t4
+
+
+
+