Mercurial > hg > Members > tobaru > cbc > CbC_llvm
diff docs/GettingStartedVS.rst @ 3:9ad51c7bc036
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author | Kaito Tokumori <e105711@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp> |
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date | Wed, 15 May 2013 06:43:32 +0900 |
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--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/docs/GettingStartedVS.rst Wed May 15 06:43:32 2013 +0900 @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ +================================================================== +Getting Started with the LLVM System using Microsoft Visual Studio +================================================================== + +.. contents:: + :local: + + +Overview +======== +Welcome to LLVM on Windows! This document only covers LLVM on Windows using +Visual Studio, not mingw or cygwin. In order to get started, you first need to +know some basic information. + +There are many different projects that compose LLVM. The first is the LLVM +suite. This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed to +use LLVM. It contains an assembler, disassembler, +bitcode analyzer and bitcode optimizer. It also contains a test suite that can +be used to test the LLVM tools. + +Another useful project on Windows is `Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_. +Clang is a C family ([Objective]C/C++) compiler. Clang mostly works on +Windows, but does not currently understand all of the Microsoft extensions +to C and C++. Because of this, clang cannot parse the C++ standard library +included with Visual Studio, nor parts of the Windows Platform SDK. However, +most standard C programs do compile. Clang can be used to emit bitcode, +directly emit object files or even linked executables using Visual Studio's +``link.exe``. + +The large LLVM test suite cannot be run on the Visual Studio port at this +time. + +Most of the tools build and work. ``bugpoint`` does build, but does +not work. + +Additional information about the LLVM directory structure and tool chain +can be found on the main `Getting Started <GettingStarted.html>`_ page. + + +Requirements +============ +Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given +below. This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware +and software you will need. + +Hardware +-------- +Any system that can adequately run Visual Studio 2008 is fine. The LLVM +source tree and object files, libraries and executables will consume +approximately 3GB. + +Software +-------- +You will need Visual Studio 2008 or higher. Earlier versions of Visual +Studio have bugs, are not completely compatible, or do not support the C++ +standard well enough. + +You will also need the `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ build system since it +generates the project files you will use to build with. + +If you would like to run the LLVM tests you will need `Python +<http://www.python.org/>`_. Versions 2.4-2.7 are known to work. You will need +`GnuWin32 <http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/>`_ tools, too. + +Do not install the LLVM directory tree into a path containing spaces (e.g. +``C:\Documents and Settings\...``) as the configure step will fail. + + +Getting Started +=============== +Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM: + +1. Read the documentation. +2. Seriously, read the documentation. +3. Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation. +4. Get the Source Code + + * With the distributed files: + + 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>`` + 2. ``gunzip --stdout llvm-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -`` + (*or use WinZip*) + 3. ``cd llvm`` + + * With anonymous Subversion access: + + 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>`` + 2. ``svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm`` + 3. ``cd llvm`` + +5. Use `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ to generate up-to-date project files: + + * Once CMake is installed then the simplest way is to just start the + CMake GUI, select the directory where you have LLVM extracted to, and + the default options should all be fine. One option you may really + want to change, regardless of anything else, might be the + ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting to select a directory to INSTALL to + once compiling is complete, although installation is not mandatory for + using LLVM. Another important option is ``LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD``, + which controls the LLVM target architectures that are included on the + build. + * See the `LLVM CMake guide <CMake.html>`_ for detailed information about + how to configure the LLVM build. + +6. Start Visual Studio + + * In the directory you created the project files will have an ``llvm.sln`` + file, just double-click on that to open Visual Studio. + +7. Build the LLVM Suite: + + * The projects may still be built individually, but to build them all do + not just select all of them in batch build (as some are meant as + configuration projects), but rather select and build just the + ``ALL_BUILD`` project to build everything, or the ``INSTALL`` project, + which first builds the ``ALL_BUILD`` project, then installs the LLVM + headers, libs, and other useful things to the directory set by the + ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting when you first configured CMake. + * The Fibonacci project is a sample program that uses the JIT. Modify the + project's debugging properties to provide a numeric command line argument + or run it from the command line. The program will print the + corresponding fibonacci value. + +8. Test LLVM on Visual Studio: + + * If ``%PATH%`` does not contain GnuWin32, you may specify + ``LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR`` on CMake for the path to GnuWin32. + * You can run LLVM tests by merely building the project "check". The test + results will be shown in the VS output window. + +.. FIXME: Is it up-to-date? + +9. Test LLVM: + + * The LLVM tests can be run by changing directory to the llvm source + directory and running: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test + + This example assumes that Python is in your PATH variable, you + have built a Win32 Debug version of llvm with a standard out of + line build. You should not see any unexpected failures, but will + see many unsupported tests and expected failures. + + A specific test or test directory can be run with: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test/path/to/test + + +An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain +==================================== + +1. First, create a simple C file, name it '``hello.c``': + + .. code-block:: c + + #include <stdio.h> + int main() { + printf("hello world\n"); + return 0; + } + +2. Next, compile the C file into a LLVM bitcode file: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> clang -c hello.c -emit-llvm -o hello.bc + + This will create the result file ``hello.bc`` which is the LLVM bitcode + that corresponds the compiled program and the library facilities that + it required. You can execute this file directly using ``lli`` tool, + compile it to native assembly with the ``llc``, optimize or analyze it + further with the ``opt`` tool, etc. + + Alternatively you can directly output an executable with clang with: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> clang hello.c -o hello.exe + + The ``-o hello.exe`` is required because clang currently outputs ``a.out`` + when neither ``-o`` nor ``-c`` are given. + +3. Run the program using the just-in-time compiler: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> lli hello.bc + +4. Use the ``llvm-dis`` utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly code: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> llvm-dis < hello.bc | more + +5. Compile the program to object code using the LLC code generator: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> llc -filetype=obj hello.bc + +6. Link to binary using Microsoft link: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> link hello.obj -defaultlib:libcmt + +7. Execute the native code program: + + .. code-block:: bat + + C:\..> hello.exe + + +Common Problems +=============== +If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other +general questions about LLVM, please consult the `Frequently Asked Questions +<FAQ.html>`_ page. + + +Links +===== +This document is just an **introduction** to how to use LLVM to do some simple +things... there are many more interesting and complicated things that you can +do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch if you want to +write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check out: + +* `LLVM homepage <http://llvm.org/>`_ +* `LLVM doxygen tree <http://llvm.org/doxygen/>`_ +