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LLVM 3.7
author Tatsuki IHA <e125716@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
date Wed, 18 Feb 2015 14:55:36 +0900
parents 54457678186b
children 7d135dc70f03
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1 ==================================================================
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2 Getting Started with the LLVM System using Microsoft Visual Studio
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3 ==================================================================
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4
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5 .. contents::
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6 :local:
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9 Overview
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10 ========
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11 Welcome to LLVM on Windows! This document only covers LLVM on Windows using
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12 Visual Studio, not mingw or cygwin. In order to get started, you first need to
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13 know some basic information.
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14
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15 There are many different projects that compose LLVM. The first is the LLVM
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16 suite. This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed to
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17 use LLVM. It contains an assembler, disassembler,
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18 bitcode analyzer and bitcode optimizer. It also contains a test suite that can
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19 be used to test the LLVM tools.
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20
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21 Another useful project on Windows is `Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_.
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22 Clang is a C family ([Objective]C/C++) compiler. Clang mostly works on
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23 Windows, but does not currently understand all of the Microsoft extensions
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24 to C and C++. Because of this, clang cannot parse the C++ standard library
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25 included with Visual Studio, nor parts of the Windows Platform SDK. However,
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26 most standard C programs do compile. Clang can be used to emit bitcode,
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27 directly emit object files or even linked executables using Visual Studio's
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28 ``link.exe``.
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29
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30 The large LLVM test suite cannot be run on the Visual Studio port at this
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31 time.
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33 Most of the tools build and work. ``bugpoint`` does build, but does
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34 not work.
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35
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36 Additional information about the LLVM directory structure and tool chain
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37 can be found on the main :doc:`GettingStarted` page.
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39
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40 Requirements
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41 ============
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42 Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given
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43 below. This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware
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44 and software you will need.
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45
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46 Hardware
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47 --------
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48 Any system that can adequately run Visual Studio 2013 is fine. The LLVM
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49 source tree and object files, libraries and executables will consume
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50 approximately 3GB.
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51
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52 Software
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53 --------
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54 You will need Visual Studio 2013 or higher.
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55
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56 You will also need the `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ build system since it
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57 generates the project files you will use to build with.
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58
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59 If you would like to run the LLVM tests you will need `Python
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60 <http://www.python.org/>`_. Version 2.7 and newer are known to work. You will
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61 need `GnuWin32 <http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/>`_ tools, too.
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62
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63 Do not install the LLVM directory tree into a path containing spaces (e.g.
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64 ``C:\Documents and Settings\...``) as the configure step will fail.
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67 Getting Started
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68 ===============
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69 Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:
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70
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71 1. Read the documentation.
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72 2. Seriously, read the documentation.
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73 3. Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation.
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74 4. Get the Source Code
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76 * With the distributed files:
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78 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>``
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79 2. ``gunzip --stdout llvm-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -``
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80 (*or use WinZip*)
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81 3. ``cd llvm``
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82
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83 * With anonymous Subversion access:
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84
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85 1. ``cd <where-you-want-llvm-to-live>``
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86 2. ``svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm``
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87 3. ``cd llvm``
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88
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89 5. Use `CMake <http://www.cmake.org/>`_ to generate up-to-date project files:
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90
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91 * Once CMake is installed then the simplest way is to just start the
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92 CMake GUI, select the directory where you have LLVM extracted to, and
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93 the default options should all be fine. One option you may really
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94 want to change, regardless of anything else, might be the
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95 ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting to select a directory to INSTALL to
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96 once compiling is complete, although installation is not mandatory for
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97 using LLVM. Another important option is ``LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD``,
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98 which controls the LLVM target architectures that are included on the
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99 build.
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100 * See the :doc:`LLVM CMake guide <CMake>` for detailed information about
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101 how to configure the LLVM build.
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102 * CMake generates project files for all build types. To select a specific
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103 build type, use the Configuration manager from the VS IDE or the
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104 ``/property:Configuration`` command line option when using MSBuild.
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105
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106 6. Start Visual Studio
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107
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108 * In the directory you created the project files will have an ``llvm.sln``
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109 file, just double-click on that to open Visual Studio.
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110
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111 7. Build the LLVM Suite:
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112
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113 * The projects may still be built individually, but to build them all do
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114 not just select all of them in batch build (as some are meant as
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115 configuration projects), but rather select and build just the
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116 ``ALL_BUILD`` project to build everything, or the ``INSTALL`` project,
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117 which first builds the ``ALL_BUILD`` project, then installs the LLVM
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118 headers, libs, and other useful things to the directory set by the
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119 ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` setting when you first configured CMake.
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120 * The Fibonacci project is a sample program that uses the JIT. Modify the
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121 project's debugging properties to provide a numeric command line argument
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122 or run it from the command line. The program will print the
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123 corresponding fibonacci value.
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124
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125 8. Test LLVM in Visual Studio:
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126
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127 * If ``%PATH%`` does not contain GnuWin32, you may specify
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128 ``LLVM_LIT_TOOLS_DIR`` on CMake for the path to GnuWin32.
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129 * You can run LLVM tests by merely building the project "check". The test
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130 results will be shown in the VS output window.
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131
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132 9. Test LLVM on the command line:
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133
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134 * The LLVM tests can be run by changing directory to the llvm source
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135 directory and running:
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136
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137 .. code-block:: bat
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138
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139 C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test
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140
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141 This example assumes that Python is in your PATH variable, you
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142 have built a Win32 Debug version of llvm with a standard out of
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143 line build. You should not see any unexpected failures, but will
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144 see many unsupported tests and expected failures.
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145
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146 A specific test or test directory can be run with:
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147
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148 .. code-block:: bat
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149
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150 C:\..\llvm> python ..\build\bin\llvm-lit --param build_config=Win32 --param build_mode=Debug --param llvm_site_config=../build/test/lit.site.cfg test/path/to/test
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151
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152
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153 An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain
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154 ====================================
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155
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156 1. First, create a simple C file, name it '``hello.c``':
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157
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158 .. code-block:: c
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159
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160 #include <stdio.h>
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161 int main() {
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162 printf("hello world\n");
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163 return 0;
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164 }
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165
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166 2. Next, compile the C file into an LLVM bitcode file:
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167
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168 .. code-block:: bat
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169
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170 C:\..> clang -c hello.c -emit-llvm -o hello.bc
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171
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172 This will create the result file ``hello.bc`` which is the LLVM bitcode
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173 that corresponds the compiled program and the library facilities that
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174 it required. You can execute this file directly using ``lli`` tool,
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175 compile it to native assembly with the ``llc``, optimize or analyze it
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176 further with the ``opt`` tool, etc.
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177
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178 Alternatively you can directly output an executable with clang with:
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179
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180 .. code-block:: bat
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181
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182 C:\..> clang hello.c -o hello.exe
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183
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184 The ``-o hello.exe`` is required because clang currently outputs ``a.out``
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185 when neither ``-o`` nor ``-c`` are given.
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186
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187 3. Run the program using the just-in-time compiler:
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188
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189 .. code-block:: bat
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190
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191 C:\..> lli hello.bc
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192
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193 4. Use the ``llvm-dis`` utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly code:
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194
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195 .. code-block:: bat
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196
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197 C:\..> llvm-dis < hello.bc | more
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198
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199 5. Compile the program to object code using the LLC code generator:
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200
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201 .. code-block:: bat
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202
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203 C:\..> llc -filetype=obj hello.bc
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204
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205 6. Link to binary using Microsoft link:
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206
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207 .. code-block:: bat
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208
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209 C:\..> link hello.obj -defaultlib:libcmt
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210
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211 7. Execute the native code program:
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212
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213 .. code-block:: bat
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214
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215 C:\..> hello.exe
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216
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217
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218 Common Problems
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219 ===============
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220 If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
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221 general questions about LLVM, please consult the :doc:`Frequently Asked Questions
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222 <FAQ>` page.
0
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223
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224
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225 Links
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226 =====
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227 This document is just an **introduction** to how to use LLVM to do some simple
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228 things... there are many more interesting and complicated things that you can
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229 do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch if you want to
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230 write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check out:
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231
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232 * `LLVM homepage <http://llvm.org/>`_
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233 * `LLVM doxygen tree <http://llvm.org/doxygen/>`_
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234