diff clang/docs/ClangPlugins.rst @ 150:1d019706d866

LLVM10
author anatofuz
date Thu, 13 Feb 2020 15:10:13 +0900
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+=============
+Clang Plugins
+=============
+
+Clang Plugins make it possible to run extra user defined actions during a
+compilation. This document will provide a basic walkthrough of how to write and
+run a Clang Plugin.
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+Clang Plugins run FrontendActions over code. See the :doc:`FrontendAction
+tutorial <RAVFrontendAction>` on how to write a ``FrontendAction`` using the
+``RecursiveASTVisitor``. In this tutorial, we'll demonstrate how to write a
+simple clang plugin.
+
+Writing a ``PluginASTAction``
+=============================
+
+The main difference from writing normal ``FrontendActions`` is that you can
+handle plugin command line options. The ``PluginASTAction`` base class declares
+a ``ParseArgs`` method which you have to implement in your plugin.
+
+.. code-block:: c++
+
+  bool ParseArgs(const CompilerInstance &CI,
+                 const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0, e = args.size(); i != e; ++i) {
+      if (args[i] == "-some-arg") {
+        // Handle the command line argument.
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+Registering a plugin
+====================
+
+A plugin is loaded from a dynamic library at runtime by the compiler. To
+register a plugin in a library, use ``FrontendPluginRegistry::Add<>``:
+
+.. code-block:: c++
+
+  static FrontendPluginRegistry::Add<MyPlugin> X("my-plugin-name", "my plugin description");
+
+Defining pragmas
+================
+
+Plugins can also define pragmas by declaring a ``PragmaHandler`` and
+registering it using ``PragmaHandlerRegistry::Add<>``:
+
+.. code-block:: c++
+
+  // Define a pragma handler for #pragma example_pragma
+  class ExamplePragmaHandler : public PragmaHandler {
+  public:
+    ExamplePragmaHandler() : PragmaHandler("example_pragma") { }
+    void HandlePragma(Preprocessor &PP, PragmaIntroducer Introducer,
+                      Token &PragmaTok) {
+      // Handle the pragma
+    }
+  };
+
+  static PragmaHandlerRegistry::Add<ExamplePragmaHandler> Y("example_pragma","example pragma description");
+
+Putting it all together
+=======================
+
+Let's look at an example plugin that prints top-level function names.  This
+example is checked into the clang repository; please take a look at
+the `latest version of PrintFunctionNames.cpp
+<https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/master/clang/examples/PrintFunctionNames/PrintFunctionNames.cpp>`_.
+
+Running the plugin
+==================
+
+
+Using the cc1 command line
+--------------------------
+
+To run a plugin, the dynamic library containing the plugin registry must be
+loaded via the `-load` command line option. This will load all plugins
+that are registered, and you can select the plugins to run by specifying the
+`-plugin` option. Additional parameters for the plugins can be passed with
+`-plugin-arg-<plugin-name>`.
+
+Note that those options must reach clang's cc1 process. There are two
+ways to do so:
+
+* Directly call the parsing process by using the `-cc1` option; this
+  has the downside of not configuring the default header search paths, so
+  you'll need to specify the full system path configuration on the command
+  line.
+* Use clang as usual, but prefix all arguments to the cc1 process with
+  `-Xclang`.
+
+For example, to run the ``print-function-names`` plugin over a source file in
+clang, first build the plugin, and then call clang with the plugin from the
+source tree:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+  $ export BD=/path/to/build/directory
+  $ (cd $BD && make PrintFunctionNames )
+  $ clang++ -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_DEBUG -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS \
+            -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS -D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS -D_GNU_SOURCE \
+            -I$BD/tools/clang/include -Itools/clang/include -I$BD/include -Iinclude \
+            tools/clang/tools/clang-check/ClangCheck.cpp -fsyntax-only \
+            -Xclang -load -Xclang $BD/lib/PrintFunctionNames.so -Xclang \
+            -plugin -Xclang print-fns
+
+Also see the print-function-name plugin example's
+`README <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/master/clang/examples/PrintFunctionNames/README.txt>`_
+
+
+Using the clang command line
+----------------------------
+
+Using `-fplugin=plugin` on the clang command line passes the plugin
+through as an argument to `-load` on the cc1 command line. If the plugin
+class implements the ``getActionType`` method then the plugin is run
+automatically. For example, to run the plugin automatically after the main AST
+action (i.e. the same as using `-add-plugin`):
+
+.. code-block:: c++
+
+  // Automatically run the plugin after the main AST action
+  PluginASTAction::ActionType getActionType() override {
+    return AddAfterMainAction;
+  }